当int超超出范围,编译器会报错吧?。。。。
答案是不会(看编译器怎么处理),在vs环境中,当输入下面的代码:
int a = 2147483647;
int b = 2147483648;
int d = 2147483649;
int e = 2147483650;
结果是:
也就是说2147483648变成了-2147483648,即循环赋值了,一旦超出就循环到最小的值,依此类推。
那么在计算中怎么判断溢出呢,比如,有个循环不停累加,当溢出就返回一个结果。
我们用一个更大的数,比如__int64(两个32位数再怎么加、乘运算也不会溢出64位,比如4位的1111b乘以1111b(最高位为符号位)就是十进制的7*7,最大的也8位在-128~127之间)
有人说用long,long这个慎用,因为在32位机器和64位机器上表示范围不一样,具体可以通过下面的方法查询:
printf("int取值范围:%d ~ %d\n", int_min, int_max);
printf("long取值范围:%d ~ %d\n", long_min, long_max);
头文件是:
#include
或者直接打开这个头文件:(我这是32位的机器)
//
// limits.h
//
// ag真人试玩娱乐 copyright (c) microsoft corporation. all rights reserved.
//
// the c standard library header.
//
#pragma once
#define _inc_limits
#include
_crt_begin_c_header
#define char_bit 8 // number of bits in a char
#define schar_min (-128) // minimum signed char value
#define schar_max 127 // maximum signed char value
#define uchar_max 0xff // maximum unsigned char value
#ifndef _char_unsigned
#define char_min schar_min // mimimum char value
#define char_max schar_max // maximum char value
#else
#define char_min 0
#define char_max uchar_max
#endif
#define mb_len_max 5 // max. # bytes in multibyte char
#define shrt_min (-32768) // minimum (signed) short value
#define shrt_max 32767 // maximum (signed) short value
#define ushrt_max 0xffff // maximum unsigned short value
#define int_min (-2147483647 - 1) // minimum (signed) int value
#define int_max 2147483647 // maximum (signed) int value
#define uint_max 0xffffffff // maximum unsigned int value
#define long_min (-2147483647l - 1) // minimum (signed) long value
#define long_max 2147483647l // maximum (signed) long value
#define ulong_max 0xfffffffful // maximum unsigned long value
#define llong_max 9223372036854775807i64 // maximum signed long long int value
#define llong_min (-9223372036854775807i64 - 1) // minimum signed long long int value
#define ullong_max 0xffffffffffffffffui64 // maximum unsigned long long int value
#define _i8_min (-127i8 - 1) // minimum signed 8 bit value
#define _i8_max 127i8 // maximum signed 8 bit value
#define _ui8_max 0xffui8 // maximum unsigned 8 bit value
#define _i16_min (-32767i16 - 1) // minimum signed 16 bit value
#define _i16_max 32767i16 // maximum signed 16 bit value
#define _ui16_max 0xffffui16 // maximum unsigned 16 bit value
#define _i32_min (-2147483647i32 - 1) // minimum signed 32 bit value
#define _i32_max 2147483647i32 // maximum signed 32 bit value
#define _ui32_max 0xffffffffui32 // maximum unsigned 32 bit value
// minimum signed 64 bit value
#define _i64_min (-9223372036854775807i64 - 1)
// maximum signed 64 bit value
#define _i64_max 9223372036854775807i64
// maximum unsigned 64 bit value
#define _ui64_max 0xffffffffffffffffui64
#if _integral_max_bits >= 128
// minimum signed 128 bit value
#define _i128_min (-170141183460469231731687303715884105727i128 - 1)
// maximum signed 128 bit value
#define _i128_max 170141183460469231731687303715884105727i128
// maximum unsigned 128 bit value
#define _ui128_max 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffui128
#endif
#ifndef size_max
#ifdef _win64
#define size_max _ui64_max
#else
#define size_max uint_max
#endif
#endif
#if __stdc_want_secure_lib__
#ifndef rsize_max
#define rsize_max (size_max >> 1)
#endif
#endif
_crt_end_c_header
可以看出 long long和__int64是一样的。
说到这,还有个问题:下面的a等于多少?
long long a = 2147483647 1;
你可能觉得是2147483648,但结果却是-2147483648,why?。。。
因为2147483647是在int范围里,编译器把它当作int来处理,加1后结果还是int,超范围了。
这样结果就是:2147483648
long long a = (long long)2147483647 (long long)1;